Geometric Attributes

The geometric attributes include the part dimensionality and element type.

The table below lists the geometric attributes for both the NURBS and discretized geometric representations. The electrical and/or mechanical analyses do not use all of the parts. Discretized parts, which both the electrical and mechanical simulations use, possess the same mesh topology. The sections that follow provide additional detail on the modeling approaches used for various parts of the cardiac anatomy.

Table 1. Heart Model Geometric Attributes
Part Name Description Dimensionality Element Type Simulation Usage
Aortic_Arch A.1 Aortic arch Solid C3D4 Mechanical
SFM3D3
Aortic_Valve A.1 Aortic valve Solid None Not used
Chordae_Tendineae_Mitral Chordae tendineae for mitral valve Line T3D2 Mechanical
Chordae_Tendineae_Tricuspid Chordae tendineae for tricuspid valve Line T3D2 Mechanical
Compliance A.1 Three fluid chambers to incorporate the compliance of the arterial, venous, and pulmonary systems Surface SFM3D4R Mechanical
Coronary_Arteries1 A.1 Left coronary arteries Surface S3R, S4 Mechanical
Coronary_Arteries2 A.1 Right coronary arteries Surface S3R, S4 Mechanical
Coronary_Sinus_Valve A.1 Valve of the coronary sinus Solid None Not used
Coronary_Veins1 A.1 Left coronary veins Surface S3R, S4 Mechanical
Coronary_Veins2 A.1 Right coronary veins Surface S3R, S4 Mechanical
Fat A.1 Cardiac fat Solid None Not used
Fiber_Bundles A.1 The electrical representation of the bundle of His and Purkinje networks Line DC1D2 Electrical
Fossa_Ovalis A.1 Fossa ovalis Solid None Not used
Left_Atrium A.1 Left atrium Solid DC3D4 Electrical, Mechanical
C3D4
SFM3D3
Mitral_Valve A.1 Mitral valve Solid C3D4 Mechanical
Pulmonary_Trunk A.1 Pulmonary trunk Surface C3D4 Mechanical
SFM3D3
Pulmonary_Valve A.1 Pulmonary valve Surface None Not used
Right_Atrium A.1 Right atrium Solid DC3D4 Electrical, Mechanical
C3D4
SFM3D3
Superior_Vena_Cava A.1 Superior vena cava Solid C3D4 Mechanical
SFM3D3
Tricuspid_Valve A.1 Tricuspid valve Solid C3D4 Mechanical
Vena_Cava_Valve A.1 Valve of the vena cava Solid None Not used
Ventricles A.1 Left and right ventricles Solid DC3D4 Electrical, Mechanical
C3D4
SFM3D3
Note: The Heart Model uses the surface elements to close fluid cavities.