Problem description
In the first case the entire process is analyzed in Abaqus/Explicit as a quasi-static analysis for a total time period of 1.0. In the second case part of the analysis is conducted in Abaqus/Explicit and the remainder of the analysis is conducted in Abaqus/Standard.
A square 30 × 30 plate containing a hole of radius 4 is stretched in the y-direction, while displacements in the x-direction are restrained along its outer perimeter. Figure 1 shows the initial quarter symmetry CPS4R meshes with enhanced hourglass control used in this analysis. There are three identical meshes shown with three plasticity cases: isotropic Mises plasticity, anisotropic plasticity with a ratio of yield stresses of 3:2, and anisotropic plasticity with a ratio of yield stresses of 2:3. The material orthotropic axes are taken as the coordinate basis. Only yield stresses in the x-direction are altered. Other components of the yield stress are taken to be the same as the reference yield stress that is specified for the isotropic Mises plasticity model.
The elastic material properties of the plate are a Young's modulus of 1 × 109 and a Poisson's ratio of 0.3. The density is 2500.
The isotropic Mises plasticity specification uses constant isotropic hardening with an initial yield of 1 × 106 and a hardening modulus of 4 × 105. Anisotropic plasticity is used with two of the meshes to define a ratio of yield stress in each of the two in-plane directions. For the anisotropic cases the reference yield and hardening is defined to be the same as for the isotropic Mises case. It can be verified that the choice of the ratios does not violate the requirement that Hill's yield surface be convex in the deviatoric plane.
In the analysis that is performed entirely in Abaqus/Explicit, the plate is stretched by ramping the velocity at the top nodes to 5 for the first half of the step time and then keeping a constant velocity of 5 at these nodes for the rest of the analysis. The results of the explicit analysis obtained for the first half of the step time are also imported into Abaqus/Standard using the import capability. The stretching of the plate is continued in Abaqus/Standard by prescribing a displacement of 2.5 at the top nodes; this displacement corresponds to the velocity boundary conditions in Abaqus/Explicit.
The import capability allows for the analysis to be continued with or without updating the reference configuration to be the imported configuration. When the reference configuration is updated, the deformed model with its material state at the end of the Abaqus/Explicit analysis is imported into Abaqus/Standard. The deformed configuration is used as the reference configuration in the import analysis. When the reference configuration is not updated, the deformed model with its material state, displacements, and strains at the end of the Abaqus/Explicit analysis is imported into Abaqus/Standard. The original configuration is used as the reference configuration for the import analysis. In the import analyses both cases are used. To ensure the final deformed configurations are similar in both cases, a displacement of 3.75 is prescribed at the top nodes for the case when the reference configuration is not updated, as opposed to a displacement of 2.5 for the case when the reference configuration is updated.