Elements tested
C3D8R
B31
S4R
T3D2
F3D4
ProductsAbaqus/Explicit Elements testedC3D8R B31 S4R T3D2 F3D4 Features testedDefining deformable elements as part of a rigid body. Problem descriptionThis example, which is similar to Tennis racket and ball, simulates the oblique impact of a tennis racket onto a stationary ball. The frame of the tennis racket is assumed to be rigid and is modeled using solid and structural elements of type C3D8R, B31, and S4R as part of a rigid body. The strings on the tennis racket are modeled using T3D2 truss elements. The details of the material model used for the strings can be found in Tennis racket and ball. Initial tension is specified for the strings. The tennis ball is modeled as a sphere using S4R elements and is assumed to be made of rubber. The air in the tennis ball is modeled using the surface-based fluid cavity capability. A coefficient of friction is specified between the ball and the strings. In this example the ball is initially at rest, and the racket impacts the ball at 6.706 m/sec (264 in/sec) at an angle of 15°. The density of the elements representing the racket is chosen such that the mass of the racket is nearly 10 times that of the ball. The complete model is shown in Figure 1. Results and discussionFigure 1 shows the position of the ball with respect to the strings in the undeformed configuration. The deformed shapes at different stages of the analysis are shown in Figure 2 through Figure 4. The tennis racket frame can be seen to be moving as a rigid body, rotating slightly due to the distance between the point of impact and the racket center of mass. A deformation magnification factor of two has been used in plotting the figures. Input files
Figures |